93d5dde1-3a4f-5973-e054-002128a47908 English nonGeographicDataset non geographic dataset British Geological Survey +44 115 936 3100 Environmental Science Centre,Keyworth NOTTINGHAM NOTTINGHAMSHIRE NG12 5GG United Kingdom enquiries@bgs.ac.uk pointOfContact 2026-05-24 UK GEMINI 2.3 http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13607528 Daily handpump accelerometer data and borehole water level data, Kwale County, Kenya (NERC grant NE/M008894/1) 2019-09-13 creation http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13607528 (I) Handpump Vibration Data For each handpump, data is organized in one CSV file per day. These files are grouped together over batches, where each batch approximately corresponds to three months. (II) Borehole Water Level Data Water level data at the borehole of each handpump is recorded in one CSV file per handpump. Both uncompensated (raw) and compensated (with respect to atmospheric pressure) data are available. (III) Data Time Logs A separate Excel file lists the locations of the monitoring sites and the time logs corresponding to both (I) and (II) per handpump. References: [1] P. Thomson, R. Hope, and T. Foster, “GSM-enabled remote monitoring of rural handpumps: a proof-of-concept study,” Journal of Hydroinformatics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 829–839, 05 2012. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.183 [2] F. Colchester, “Smart handpumps: a preliminary data analysis,” IET Conference Proceedings, pp. 7–7(1). [Online]. Available: https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2014.0767 [3] H. Greeff, A. Manandhar, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Distributed inference condition monitoring system for rural infrastructure in the developing world,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 19, no. 5, pp.1820–1828, March 2019. [4] F. E. Colchester, H. G. Marais, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Accidental infrastructure for groundwater monitoring in africa,” Environmental Modelling Software, vol. 91, pp. 241 – 250, 2017. [Online]. Available:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815216308325 [5] A. Manandhar, H. Greeff, P. Thomson, R. Hope, and D. A. Clifton, “Shallow Aquifer Monitoring Using Handpump Vibration Data,” In-review, 2019. Dr R A Hope University of Oxford School of Geography and the Environment Oxford OX1 3QY not available principalInvestigator Nancy Gladstone University of Oxford Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment Oxford OX1 3QY not available pointOfContact Achut Manandhar University of Oxford The Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Engineering Science, Old Road Campus Research Building Oxford OX3 7DQ not available originator Patrick Thomson University of Oxford not available originator Heloise Greeff University of Oxford not available originator Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available distributor Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available pointOfContact notApplicable https://resources.bgs.ac.uk/images/geonetworkThumbs/93d5dde1-3a4f-5973-e054-002128a47908.png Geology GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication Accelerometers Well pumps Aquifers BGS Thesaurus of Geosciences 2022 revision NGDC Deposited Data dataCentre NERC_DDC otherRestrictions licenceOGL Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]" otherRestrictions The copyright of materials derived from the British Geological Survey's work is vested in the Natural Environment Research Council [NERC]. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system of any nature, without the prior permission of the copyright holder, via the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Manager. Use by customers of information provided by the BGS, is at the customer's own risk. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality or accuracy of the information supplied, or to the information's suitability for any use. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurence however caused. Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]" English geoscientificInformation ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision KE ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision KEN British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation KENYA [id=687000] 2017-03-01 2018-07-31 Comma-separated values (CSV) witheld Microsoft Excel witheld Enquiries British Geological Survey United Kingdom not available distributor https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item130285 WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download Data download nonGeographicDataset non geographic dataset INSPIRE Implementing rules laying down technical arrangements for the interoperability and harmonisation of Geology 2011 publication See the referenced specification false Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 publication See http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:323:0011:0102:EN:PDF false To test if the model generalizes to handpumps drawing water from different depths of shallow aquifer systems, three different monitoring sites are selected corresponding to three different depth ranges - shallow, medium, and deep (categories are arbitrarily defined based on available samples). (I) Handpump Vibration Vibration data is collected using a consumer grade accelerometer sensor attached to the handle of the handpump. The sensor measures accelerometry data in three orthogonal axes at a sampling frequency of 95 Hz. A typical pumping cycle, i.e. a cycle of the handle being raised and pushed down, corresponds to one second interval. (II) Borehole Water Level The water column is measured using diver sensors (manufactured by ©Van Essen Instruments or ©Heron Instruments) fixed close to the bottom of the rising main. Data is collected at a sampling interval of five-fifteen minutes.