Geophysical monitoring data of the hydro-mechanical-chemical evolution of a synthetic sandstone with carbonate clasts exposed to CO2 during 6-month at reservoir stress conditions

This dataset stores geophysical, transport and chemical data collected during a six-month experiment involving CO2-brine-rock interaction with stress, at reservoir conditions. The rock used for the tests was manufactured in the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, following the procedure described in Falcon-Suarez et al. (2019). The aim was to study the coupled hydro-mechanical-chemical (HMC) phenomena that occurred in sandstone reservoirs containing carbonates, when interacting with CO2 during Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) operations. The dataset includes results from two brine-CO2 flow-through tests and three intercalated hydromechanical assessments, where elastic (P- and S-wave velocities and attenuations), transport (bulk electrical resistivity and permeability) and axial strain data were collected and analysed together with basic petrophysical properties. Results from a reactive simulation developed using free-software PHREEQC (Parkhurst and Appelo, 2013) are also included. The tests were conducted in the high-pressure, room-temperature (20 C) experimental setup for multi-flow-through tests in the Rock Physics Laboratory at the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), from 2021 to 2025, as part of the projects GASRIP, EHMPRES and FOCUS (NERC grants NE/X003248/1 - FAPESP-EHMPRES, NE/X006271/1 - FOCUS and NE/R013535/1 - GASRIP). References Falcon-Suarez, I.H., Amalokwu, K., Delgado-Martin, J., Callow, B., Robert, K., North, L., Sahoo, S.K., Best, A.I., 2019. Comparison of stress-dependent geophysical, hydraulic and mechanical properties of synthetic and natural sandstones for reservoir characterization and monitoring studies. Geophysical Prospecting 67, 784-803, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12699. Parkhurst, D., Appelo, C.A.J., 2013. Description of input and examples for PHREEQC version 3: A computer program for speciation, batch-reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations, Techniques and Methods, Reston, VA, p. 519. https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A43 The spreadsheet file includes six sheets with contain information about (Info) the parameters and acronyms used in the file; (Sample_properties) the rock and fluid properties, including petrophysical properties and fluid composition; (BCFT-1 and BCFT-2) the data collected during the brine-CO2 flow-through tests; (HMA tests) the data collected during the hydromechanical assessments before and after BCFT-1, and after BCFT-2; and (Reactive model) the input and outputs from the reactive model performed using PHREEQC.

Date (Creation): 2026-06-05

Citation identifier: http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13608718

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
National Oceanography Centre	Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez	not available	Originator
National Oceanography Centre	Hanif Santyabudhi Sutiyoso	not available	Originator
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Distributor
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency: notApplicable

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

Geology

BGS Thesaurus of Geosciences

Resistivity
Simulation
Permeability
Carbon capture and storage

dataCentre

Keywords

NERC_DDC

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: restricted

Other constraints: The dataset has been formally approved by BGS for access by external clients under a BGS Digital Data Licence, issued via BGS's IPR Section. The dataset must not be provided to, or be accessible by, an external client until the IPR Section confirms that signed licence documentation is in place. Refer to the IPR Section (DigitalLE@bgs.ac.) if further advice is required.. Constraint applies until 2027-06-01

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: The copyright of materials derived from the British Geological Survey's work is vested in the Natural Environment Research Council [NERC]. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system of any nature, without the prior permission of the copyright holder, via the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Manager. Use by customers of information provided by the BGS, is at the customer's own risk. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality or accuracy of the information supplied, or to the information's suitability for any use. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurence however caused.

Other constraints: Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]"

Language: English

Topic category

Geoscientific information

Begin date: 2021-01-11

End date: 2025-01-06

Reference System Information

No information provided.

Distribution format

Name	Version
Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx)

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
WWW:DOWNLOAD-1.0-http--download	https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item192358	Data

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related	https://doi.org/10.5285/4d2f1709-f67a-4491-aa05-003d115e00b4	Citation Information - Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Hierarchy level: Non geographic dataset

Other: non geographic dataset

Conformance result

Title: INSPIRE Implementing rules laying down technical arrangements for the interoperability and harmonisation of Geology

Date (Publication): 2011

Explanation: See the referenced specification

Pass: No

Conformance result

Title: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

Date (Publication): 2010-12-08

Explanation: See http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:323:0011:0102:EN:PDF

Pass: No

Statement: The experiment was configured to simulate realistic effective stress conditions of shallow offshore North Sea - like CCS reservoirs, with a differential (confining minus pore pressure) stress equal 20 MPa, at the RPL NOC temperature (20 C) conditions. We measured ultrasonic P- and S-wave velocities and attenuations, axial strains and electrical resistivity for an increasing CO2 saturation during the two brine-CO2 flow-through (BCFT) tests, and the stress-dependency of the same properties plus permeability during a hydromechanical assessment before and after each BCFT test. With the pore fluid collected downstream we developed a reactive model using PHREEQC software. Altogether was combined with porosity and the information collected from thin sections analysis to interpret coupled HMC phenomena.