Database of samples collected from carbonatite-hosted rare earth element (REE) deposits in Finland, China, and Angola (2023-2024)

Database of samples collected or utilised in the project SCREED: Supergene enrichment of carbonatite-hosted REE deposits. Samples were collected from Sokli (Finland), Miaoya (China), and Longonjo (Angola) carbonatite complexes. Archival materials were also collected from the Mushgai Khudug (Mongolia), Tomtor (Russia), and Dong Pao (Vietnam) carbonatite complexes. Samples were collected either as field grab samples, with locations determined by handheld GPS, or from archive drill core provided by Sokli Oy, Finland and Pensana Ltd., Angola. Samples were collected through weathered carbonatite materials into the upper bedrock. Samples from Sokli and Lonjongo specifically targeted REE-enriched, thick (40-100m) lateritic materials from sites undergoing active mineral exploration for supergene REE resources. Samples from Miaoya targeted incipiently weathered materials, including clays from a carbonatite-syenite complex, to characterise early stages of weathering and contrasting weathering styles. Samples from Tomtor and Dong Pao represent REE mineralised material from additional lateritic REE deposits. The samples were acquired by teams from the School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton and Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, with the assistance of staff from Sokli Oy (Finland) and Pensana Ltd. (Angola), and collaborators from the China University of Geosciences and the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (China).

Date (Creation): 2026-03-16

Citation identifier: http://data.bgs.ac.uk/id/dataHolding/13608656

Point of contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
University of Exeter	Professor F Wall	not available	Originator
University of Brighton	Martin Smith	not available	Originator
University of Exeter	Sam Broom-Fendley	not available	Originator
University of Brighton	Martin Yan He Li	not available	Originator
University of Brighton	Curtis Rooks	not available	Originator
University of Plymouth	Laura Evenstar	not available	Originator
University of Brighton	Pankaj Kumar	not available	Originator
University of Brighton	Bryan Maciag	not available	Originator
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Distributor
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Point of contact

Maintenance and update frequency: notApplicable

GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

Geology

BGS Thesaurus of Geosciences

Weathering
Carbonatite
Rare earth elements
Laterites

dataCentre

Keywords

NERC_DDC

Access constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: licenceOGL

Other constraints: Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]"

Use constraints: Other restrictions

Other constraints: The copyright of materials derived from the British Geological Survey's work is vested in the Natural Environment Research Council [NERC]. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system of any nature, without the prior permission of the copyright holder, via the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Manager. Use by customers of information provided by the BGS, is at the customer's own risk. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGS's disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality or accuracy of the information supplied, or to the information's suitability for any use. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurence however caused.

Other constraints: Available under the Open Government Licence subject to the following acknowledgement accompanying the reproduced NERC materials "Contains NERC materials ©NERC [year]"

Language: English

Topic category

Geoscientific information

Geographic identifier: AGO
ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: ANGOLA [id=664000]
British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation

Geographic identifier: AO
ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: CHINA [id=501000]
British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation

Geographic identifier: CHN
ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: CN
ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: FI
ISO 3166_1 alpha-2 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: FIN
ISO 3166_1 alpha-3 2009 revision

Geographic identifier: FINLAND [id=130000]
British Geological Survey Gazetteer: Geographical hierarchy from Geosaurus 1979 creation

Begin date: 2022-09-01

End date: 2023-10-31

Unique resource identifier: WGS 84 (EPSG::4326)

Distribution format

Name	Version
Comma-Separated Values (CSV) file (.csv)

Distributor contact

Organisation name	Individual name	Electronic mail address	Role
British Geological Survey	Enquiries	not available	Distributor

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
	https://webapps.bgs.ac.uk/services/ngdc/accessions/index.html#item191775	Data

OnLine resource

Protocol	Linkage	Name
WWW:LINK-1.0-http--related	https://doi.org/10.5285/83819b57-4754-4da3-9336-955e817573ed	Citation Information - Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

Hierarchy level: Dataset

Other: dataset

Conformance result

Title: INSPIRE Implementing rules laying down technical arrangements for the interoperability and harmonisation of Geology

Date (Publication): 2011

Explanation: See the referenced specification

Pass: No

Conformance result

Title: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

Date (Publication): 2010-12-08

Explanation: See http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:323:0011:0102:EN:PDF

Pass: No

Statement: Samples were collected either as field grab samples, with locations determined by hand held GPS, or from archive drill core provided by Sokli Oy, Finland and Pensana Ltd., Angola. Samples were collected through weathered carbonatite materials into the upper bedrock. Samples from Sokli and Lonjongo specifically targeted REE-enriched, thick (40-100m) lateritic materials from sites undergoing active mineral exploration for supergene REE resources. Samples from Miaoya targeted incipiently weathered materials including clays from a carbonatite-syenite complex, to characterise early stages of weathering and contrasting weathering styles. Samples from Tomtor and Dong Pao represent REE mineralised material from additional lateritic REE deposits.